In the second part of this in-depth conversation, host Egle Dieninyte continues her discussion with Professor Nageshwar Reddy, shifting the focus from technological innovation to ethics, responsibility and the human dimension of endoscopy.

Professor Reddy shares how mobile endoscopy units have brought life-saving care to rural populations, and why cascade hygiene strategies are sometimes necessary when resources are limited.

The conversation then turns to a topic rarely discussed openly: mistakes. What constitutes a true medical mistake? How do we distinguish adverse events from preventable errors? And why should ERCP only ever be performed with strict indication?

Finally, Professor Reddy reflects on mentorship, generational change, work–home balance, and why compassion is not an innate trait — but a skill that can and must be cultivated.

A powerful conclusion to a two-part conversation on what it really means to practise endoscopy.